Continuous plastic waterproof coating in bituminous glass asbestos for buildings and application process thereof



CONTINUOUS PLASTIC WATERPROOF COATING IN BITUMINOUS GLASS ASBESTOS FOR BUILD- INGS AND APPLICATION PROCESS THEREOF Aldo Castellani, Livorno, Italy Application December 22, 1950, Serial No. 202,226 Claims priority, application Italy December 23, 1949 s claims. (ci. 154-128) This invention relates `to a waterproof covering or coating for surfaces, such as roof and like structures, and to a process for preparing the same.

aterproof coatings or coverings to be useful for roofings must be:

substantial change in consistency temperatures. T o provide for will not age noticeably, erties will be exhibited.

Almost all waterprooling systems are based on the use of hydrocarbons, e. g., asphal Furthermore, forming a coating of several layers it was found that the layers remained separate and distinct rather than bonding together.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved waterproof coating or covering for surfaces such as at roofs, reservoirs, dams, tunnels, freezing plants, and coverings in general.

It is a further object to provide a novel process whereby these improved coatings may be prepared.

Patented Nov. 2 3, 1 954;

More particularly, the asphaltic bitumen comprises a mixture of very hard natural asphalts and petroleum residual asphaltic bitumens as solvent. A preferred composition of the mastic producing superior results comprises about 15-30% of very hard natural asphalts, about 30-50% 0f petroleum residual asphaltic bitumens as-solvent, about 1530% of brous mineral filler, and about 5-15 of finely divided rock asphalt as weather-resistant stabilizing iiller.

serving to embed it within the mastic.

The How of the mastic may be effected by trailing a warm ironing tool over the felted Th' application is not perfectly flat.

e invention will be described more the accompanying drawing, in which: Fig. l shows a portion of a coating or covering in the preparation stage;

ig. 2 is a transverse section of a portion of a coating or covering comprising two layers of mastic and felted glass bers;

fuiiy by reference O Fig. 3 is a lateral section of a novel mopping tool;` and Fig. 4

F is a bottom plan view of the mopping tool of liber cloth 3 is disposed on said layer of mastic. mopping tool 4 operated by handle 5 has been pulled to the right so that the coating on the left side of the figure has beensmoothed out while that on the right has not yet een mopped.

Fig. 2 shows a coating or covering composed of two such layers of felted glass fibers embedded in mastic. Particularly, a second layer of mastic 2 has been superimposed on said first mopped layer 2. A second layer of felted glass fiber 3 is disposed above layer 2', the tbers of layer 3 extending in transverse direction with respect to the iibers of layer 3. A final layer of mastic 2" is superand represents the exposed layers of mastic are bonded other with no discontinuities or air pockets Consequently, this preferred covering is composed of (n) layers of bituminous mastic and (ri-1) layers of felted glass fibers.

e mopping tool of Figs. 3 and 4 comprises a plate 11, electrically heated by passing current through a resistor 19 encased in a housing 12. The housing 12 is lixed in position by nuts which engage threaded vertical rods These vertical rods 17 are connected at their lower the top of Vertical rods 17, nuts. The upper plate 15 is provided with a plurality of holes and plate 11 is also pro- The the lirst layer of mastic the reinforcing core, comprising a continu- 3 ous felt -oglass fibers, is' placed thereon with the fibers eXtending-from-left to rig-ht asshown inv-Fig; L.

The plugs 16 of the mop are then actuated to regulate The adjustment is made so that pistons 13..-willnot protrudebeneath/the bottomofsplate 11'. Upon trailing of.` the tool: alongv the-` surface ofgthe. masticthezmoppingis effected by plateV 1J.. lfthe mastic is not perfectly flat, however, whentheplate; 11 overlies a.. depression in thesurface; the pistons 13'willbe forced downwardly by .springs `14. contactithe mastic where-depressed. Ast a result themoppingaction-Will beexerted uniformly'even where an irregular surface is being worked upon.

Afteramopping the first layer of mastic, a secondzlayer ofmastic is spread out and asecondllayer of felted glass fibersissuperimposedthereon. As shown in Fig. 2, the fibers of. the second layer extend in transverse direction with respect `to thaty ofthe bers of the-rst layer. The moppingris repeated and a finali-layer of` mastic isspread. out. This layer is also mopped to complete the prepara.- tionoff .the vwaterproof coatingror. covering.

Ashas-fbeen indicated, each-layerof the Areinforcing core comprises a thin layer of fe1tedglass;.f1bers,.substantially all .o the fibers extending Ain the.same:direction. Thesuccessive'iayersof fibers are'preferably lpositioned so that the'fibersof any onevlayer extendin transverse directionv with: respect to the fibers of adjacentlayers. This. disposition of the glass fibers produces a far stronger coatingwhich .resists sagging, andl pulling apart.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and rherein described, it will bev understood that the vsame is capableof modifications without departure from'` the general scope andfspiritl of the invention as defined inthe claims.

What l claim is:

1. A waterproof covering for roof and like. structures comprising at least two layers of. a bituminousmastic, each of said layers havingernbeddedtherein a thinstratum ofxsubstantially uni-directed felted.'glass fibersthe fibers of adjacent strata extending in crosswisedirection toV each other, said' bituminous mastic comprising about' I53'0.% ofA hardna-tural asphalt, about 30-5()%ofpetroleum residual asphaltic bitumen as solvent, about 1530%. of

fibrous-mineral filler, and about 51S% of finelydivided rock asphalt as Weather-resistant stabilizing filler, percentages being given by, weight.

2. The process for preparing a waterproof coveringon a'surfaceycomprising the Vsteps :of spreading over the surface -to becoated al layer 1 of bituminous mastic-comprising about 15-30% of hard natural asphalt, about"3G-50% ot" petroleum residual asphaltic bitumeny as solvent, .about 15.30.%- of. tibrousmineral filler, and about 5-15%` of.v

finelyl divided rock .asphalt as weather-resistant stabilizing Consequently, pistons 13 will' filler percentages being given by weight, placing on said layer afirstthin stratum ofsubstantially uni-directedv felted glass fibers, applying heat and pressure to said layer and said stratum sufficient to cause said layer to flow between said glass fibers and to embed the same in said layer, spreading a second layer. ofsaid mastic over said glass fiber-containing first layer, placing on said second layer a'fsecond stratum of uni-directed felted glass bers, the fibersfof said-second'stratum extending in a transverse direction to the fibers of'said first stratum, applying heat and pressure to said second layer and said second stratum to cause said second layerV to ow between the glass fibers of said second stratum and to embed said second stratum of glass-'fibers in .said-.second layer Vof mastic, andthen applying a top coating of mastic to said glass fiber-containing second layer;

3. The process for preparing waterproof coating on a surface, comprising the steps of'spreading over the surface to be coated a layer of a bituminous mastic mass having'high stability and.consistency and a low. thermic susceptibility, said bituminous .masticv mass being devoid of vegetal and mineral pitchz and comprising about l530%. .ofhard natural asphalt, .abouti 30-50% of .petroleum asphaltic bitumen as solvent, about 15.-30% of fibrous mineral'filler, and about 5.-15% of finely divided rock asphalty as Weather-resistant stabilizing filler, percentages being given by weight, placing on said layer a first' stratumv of'glass bers. all substantially extending in one direction, applyingheatand .pressure to said layer and said stratum sufficient to causesaid layer to fiow between said glass fibers andlto embedthe. same in said layer, spreading a. seoondlayerof said mastic over said glass fiber-containing rstenamed layer, placing on said second layerV a secondstratum of glass fibers extending in a direction different from. that of the fibers of said first stratum; applying heat andl pressure to said second layer and Vsaidxsecond stratum to cause said second layer to flow betweenfthe'glass fibers `ofsaidl-second stratum and to embed said 'secondstratum` of .glass fibers in said second layerof mastic, and then applying a top coating of mastic to saidlglass ber-containing second layer.

Referencesv Cited'fin the file of this patent UNITED.' STATES PATENTS.

OTHER REFERENCES Miller; .American Roofer, vol, 36, No. 12 (December 1946), pages 12, 13, 25-27 and 29, THl-2431-A1A5. 

2. THE PROCESS FOR PREPARING A WATERPROOF COVERING ON A SURFACE; COMPRISING THE STEPS OF SPREADING OVER THE SURFACE TO BE COATED A LAYER OF BITUMINOUS MASTIC COMPRISING ABOUT 15-30% OF HARD NATURAL ASPHALT, ABOUT 30-50% OF PETROLEUM RESIDUAL ASPHALTIC BITUMEN AS SOLVENT, ABOUT 15-30% OF FIBROUS MINERAL FILLER, AND ABOUT 5-15% OF FINELY DIVIDED ROCK ASPHALT AS WEATHER-RESISTANT STABILIZING FILLER PERCENTAGES BEING GIVEN BY WEIGHT; PLACING ON SAID LAYER A FIRST THIN STRATUM OF SUBSTANTIALLY UNI-DIRECTED FELTED GLASS FIBERS, APPLYING HEAT AND PRESSURE TO SAID LAYER AND SAID STRATUM SUFFICIENT TO CAUSE SAID LAYER TO FLOW BETWEEN SAID GLASS FIBERS AND TO EMBED THE SAME IN SAID LAYER, SPREADING A SECOND LAYER OF SAID MASTIC OVER SAID GLASS FIBER-CONTAINING FIRST LAYER, PLACING ON SAID SECOND LAYER A SECOND STRATUM OF UNI-DIRECTED FELTED GLASS FIBERS, THE FIBERS OF SAID SECOND STRATUM EXTENDING IN A TRANSVERSE DIRECTION TO THE FIBERS OF SAID FIRST STRATUM APPLYING HEAT AND PRESSURE TO SAID SECOND LAYER AND SAID SECOND STRATUM TO CAUSE SAID SECOND LAYER TO FLOW BETWEEN THE GLASS FIBERS OF SAID SECOND STRATUM AND TO EMBED SAID SECOND STRATUM OF GLASS FIBERS IN SAID SECOND LAYER OF MASTIC, AND THE APPLYING A TOP COATING OF MASTIC TO SAID GLASS FIBER-CONTAINING SECOND LAYER. 